How can you tell if your child has a speech or language impairment?

How can you tell if your child has a speech or language impairment? There is a lot of research available to help you answer that question. Keep reading to find out more..

https://theconversation.com/how-to-tell-if-your-child-has-a-speech-or-language-impairment-31768

Communication Milestones Birth to 5 years

Birth to 3 months:

Does the child:

• make cooing sounds

• have different cries for different needs

• smile at you

• startle to loud sounds

• soothe/calm to a familiar voice

4 to 6 months:

Does the child:

• babble and make different sounds

• make sounds back when you talk

• enjoy games like peek-a-boo

• turn his/her eyes toward a sound source

• respond to music or toys that make noise

7 to 12 months:

Does the child:

• wave hi/bye

• respond to his/her name

• let you know what he/she wants using sounds, and/or actions like pointing

• begin to follow simple directions (e.g., Where is your nose?)

• localize correctly to sound by turning his/her head toward the sound

• pay attention when spoken to

By 12 to 18 months:

Does the child:

• use common words and start to put words together

• enjoy listening to storybooks

• point to body parts or pictures in a book when asked

• look at your face when talking to you

By 18 to 24 months:

Does the child:

• understand more words than he/she can say

• say two words together (e.g., More juice)

• ask simple questions (e.g., What’s that?)

• take turns in a conversation

2 to 3 years:

Does the child:

• use sentences of three or more words most of the time

• understand different concepts (e.g., in-on; up-down)

• follow two-part directions (e.g., take the book and put it on the table)

• answer simple questions (e.g., Where is the car?)

• participate in short conversations

3 to 4 years:

Does the child:

• tell a short story or talk about daily activities

• talk in sentences with adult-like grammar

• generally speak clearly so people understand

• hear you when you call from another room

• listen to TV at the same volume as others

• answer a variety of questions

4 to 5 years:

Does the child:

• pronounce most speech sounds correctly

• participate in and understand conversations even in the presence of background noise

• recognize familiar signs (e.g., stop sign)

• make up rhymes

• hear and understand most of what is said at home and school

• listen to and retell a story and ask and answer questions about a story 

Scientists identify the gene for emergent language

Google Image

"A telltale stretch of DNA at a gene called ROBO2 is linked to the number of words that a child masters in the early stage of talking...  ROBO2 controls a protein that directs chemicals in brain cells that may be used for developing language and producing sounds.The gene lies on a region of Chromosome 3 which has previously been implicated in dyslexia and speech-related disorders, according to the study."   Read more: 

Scientists identify ROBO2, the 'baby talk' gene | Lifestyle from CTV News

"My child's speech is hard to understand"

Intelligibility refers to the clarity of speech - how well it can be understood by others.  Typically, children in senior kindergarten are 100% intelligible. They can be understood almost all of the time by familiar and unfamiliar listeners.

Red Flags for Autism

• No big smiles or other warm, joyful expressions by six months or thereafter
• No back and forth sharing of sounds, smiles or facial expressions by 9 months
• No babbling by 12 months
• No back and forth gestures such as pointing, showing, reaching or waving by 12 months
• No meaningful two-word phrases (including imitating or repeating) by 24 months
• Any loss of speech, babbling or social skills at any age

To read more about the signs and symptoms of autism click on the Link for Autism Speaks Canada:
http://www.autismspeaks.ca/about-autism/signs-and-symptoms-of-autism/

What is Autism?

 

           This video from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention discusses the signs and symptoms associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Speech sound Development

Google Image

This chart presents data from Sander's article "When are speech sounds learned?" published in 1972 in the Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders.  The left side of the bar indicates when 50% of children have acquired a sound.  The right side of the bar indicates 90% of children have mastered the sound.

Red Flags in Communication Development

LinguiSystems Guide to Communication Milestones